Brazoria County’s story is one of resilience, innovation, and progress. It is a story of people —visionaries, workers, and leaders — who built industries that shaped the world.
The early 1900s started with oil being found near West Columbia igniting a new era of opportunity. In 1912, innovation took hold as Brazoria County became the first in the U.S. to produce sulfur, a breakthrough that sparked economic expansion. The Freeport Sulphur Company, bustling with hundreds of workers by 1930, was more than a business — it was a sign of a growing, thriving community. And during World War I, Brazoria County’s resources, including live oak nails, helped build the warships that defended our nation.
Then came the 1940s, and with them, a wave of transformation. In 1940, Dow Chemical saw the promise of Brazoria County and built the largest magnesium plant in the United States, just in time to supply the essential materials needed for World War II. This wasn’t just industrial progress — it was a technological breakthrough. Extracting magnesium from seawater seemed impossible, yet Dow made it reality. And to support the workers who powered this vision, Dow built more than a plant; they built a town. Lake Jackson was carefully designed as a model community, offering families a place to live, thrive, and grow together.
At the same time, war efforts demanded more, and the U.S. government turned to Brazoria County once again. The Sweeny Complex was built in 1942, the only refinery designed and built from the ground up by the U.S. military to produce high-octane fuel for Allied aircraft. When the war ended, Phillips Petroleum saw its value and purchased it in 1947 for $13 million, cementing its place as a cornerstone of American industry.
As the decades passed, Brazoria County never stopped innovating. Through the years, other leading petrochemical manufacturers saw the benefits of doing business in Brazoria County and moved to the region, further solidifying its reputation as an industrial powerhouse.
The dawn of the 21st century brought yet another leap forward. In 2002, Freeport LNG was founded, transforming Quintana Island into a hub of energy trade. What began as an import facility soon pivoted to exports, and by 2019, it had become one of the world’s most significant liquefaction sites. Today, it ranks as the seventh-largest in the world and second-largest in the U.S., setting the gold standard for sustainability as the largest all-electric LNG plant globally.
Brazoria County is more than a place on a map—it is a testament to human ingenuity, to industries that rose from the ground and changed the course of history. Built by industry, strengthened by innovation, and sustained by the hardworking people who drive it forward, this county stands on the shoulders of giants. As we look ahead, we honor their legacy by continuing to lead, to grow, and to shape the future.
